What is the main purpose of combining beta-lactamase inhibitors with penicillins?

The primary reason for combining beta-lactamase inhibitors with penicillins is to increase the spectrum of activity against resistant bacteria. Beta-lactamase inhibitors work by inhibiting the enzymes produced by certain bacteria that would otherwise deactivate penicillin antibiotics. These enzymes, known as beta-lactamases, can render penicillins ineffective against bacteria that produce them. By co-administering a beta-lactamase inhibitor, the effectiveness of penicillins can be preserved or restored, allowing them to target a broader range of bacterial pathogens, including those that have developed resistance.

This combination therapy expands the treatment options available for infections caused by resistant strains of bacteria, thereby helping to ensure successful therapeutic outcomes. Therefore, the correct answer highlights the essential role of these inhibitors in combating antibiotic resistance.