Which drug is a first-line treatment for tuberculosis that is known for its bactericidal properties?

Rifampin is recognized as a first-line treatment for tuberculosis (TB) and is specifically valued for its bactericidal properties. It effectively kills Mycobacterium tuberculosis by inhibiting DNA-dependent RNA polymerase, which is critical for the synthesis of RNA and therefore, for the survival of these bacteria. The ability to kill the bacteria rather than merely inhibiting their growth is a significant advantage in treating such an aggressive infection.

While isoniazid, also a first-line drug, primarily has a bacteriostatic effect, it becomes bactericidal at higher concentrations and is crucial in combination therapy for TB. Ethambutol functions as a bacteriostatic agent and works primarily by inhibiting cell wall synthesis, but it does not have a direct bactericidal action. Streptomycin, an aminoglycoside, is used in multi-drug resistant and severe cases of TB, but it is not as universally employed as rifampin in standard treatment regimens.

Therefore, the recognition of rifampin as a key bactericidal agent highlights its importance in the effective management and treatment of tuberculosis infections.