Which of the following is NOT a first generation cephalosporin?

Cefepime is the correct answer because it is classified as a fourth-generation cephalosporin. The cephalosporin class is divided into generations based on their spectrum of activity, pharmacokinetics, and resistance profiles. First-generation cephalosporins, such as Cefalexin, Cefazolin, and Cefadroxil, primarily target gram-positive bacteria and have some gram-negative coverage, making them effective against infections such as staphylococcal and streptococcal infections.

On the other hand, fourth-generation cephalosporins like Cefepime have broader spectra of activity, including enhanced effectiveness against gram-negative bacteria and some resistant strains. This key distinction in classification relates to the differences in the bacterial spectrum they target, which helps healthcare professionals choose the appropriate antibiotic for specific infections. Understanding these classifications allows for effective treatment of bacterial infections and insight into the evolution of cephalosporin efficacy.